Igice cya kabiri cya Photovoltaic ikwirakwizwa: Intambara yo gukoresha umutungo

Mu mpera z'itariki ya 31 Gicurasi, hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya politiki, isoko rya photovoltaic ryakwirakwijwe ryinjiye mu ruziga rushya rw'iterambere.

Kugeza ubu, mu ngamba 17 z’ubuyobozi bw’amashanyarazi akwirakwizwa mu ntara zashyizweho cyangwa ziri mu mushinga wo gutanga ibitekerezo ku baturage, intara 11 zisaba ko igipimo cy’ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi n’abakoresha inganda n’ubucuruzi rusange kiba hagati ya 50% na 90%, mu gihe intara 6 gusa ari zo zitarashyiraho icyo gisabwa.

Dukurikije inyandiko No 136, ndetse no ku mishinga yemerera guhuza imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi yuzuye, ibiciro by’amashanyarazi bizagenda bigabanuka cyane.

Mu ntambwe ikurikiraho, ku isoko rya photovoltaic rikwirakwizwa, ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi ryabaye ikintu cy’ingenzi mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’umushinga. Umutungo gakondo wo ku gisenge n’umuyoboro w’amazi urimo uragenda uhinduka ugana ku icyitegererezo cy’iterambere gishingiye ku ikoreshwa ry’umutwaro, kandi inyungu zikenewe byihutirwa kugira ngo zigaragare.

Izamuka ry'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi n'ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi mu buryo bubiri

Guhagarika umurongo wuzuye w’amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic mu bucuruzi n’inganda mu ngamba nshya zo gucunga amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki. Hamwe n’ingufu zose zikoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi zinjira ku isoko zitangazwa n’inyandiko No 136, bivuze ko ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi atari ryo shingiro ry’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’umushinga gusa, ahubwo ni n’ikintu cy’ingenzi mu kwinjiza amafaranga mu mushinga.

Ukurikije uko imishinga ya photovoltaic iherutse gutangwa, nta masoko atangwa ku mishinga ya photovoltaic ikoreshwa mu ngo, mu gihe imishinga yose y’ubucuruzi n’inganda ya photovoltaic ikorwa mu buryo bwo kwihangira no kwikoresha hamwe n’ingufu nyinshi zitangwa ku muyoboro w’amashanyarazi, kandi igipimo cy’ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi kirenga 50%. Ibiciro by’amashanyarazi bigabanyijemo uburyo bubiri bwo kwishyura. Kimwe ni igiciro cy’amashanyarazi kidahinduka cya EMC, kiri hagati ya yuan 0.25 na 0.5 kuri kWh. Ikindi ni igiciro mpuzandengo cy’amashanyarazi cy’igihe cyo gukoresha amashanyarazi hamwe n’igabanywa ry’ibiciro.

Ugereranije n'igiciro mpuzandengo cy'ingufu za photovoltaic ku isoko ry'amashanyarazi, ibigo by'ubucuruzi bwa photovoltaic byabonye ko igiciro mpuzandengo cy'ingufu za photovoltaic mu ntara zitandukanye mu 2024 kizaba kiri hagati ya yuan 0.2 na 0.4 kuri kWh, mu gihe igiciro cy'amashanyarazi cya photovoltaic kizakomeza kugabanuka muri 2025.

Urugero, mu isoko rya Mongolia y'Iburengerazuba, igiciro cy’ingufu za photovoltaic mu 2024 cyari 0.289 yuan / kWh. Ariko, nk'uko amakuru yatangajwe muri Gicurasi 2025 abivuga, igiciro cy’ingufu za photovoltaic muri Mata cyari 0.16 yuan / kWh. Byongeye kandi, Jiangsu na Guangdong, nk'intara zikomeye mu ngufu za photovoltaic zikwirakwizwa, nabyo byagabanutse ku gipimo cy’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi mu 2025. Urugero, igiciro cy’amashanyarazi cy’igihe gito n’igihe kirekire mu Ntara ya Jiangsu cyavuye kuri 0.395 yuan / kWh muri Mata kigera kuri 0.31 yuan / kWh muri Kamena.

Bikwiye gushimangirwa ko bitewe n’uko ari mato kandi atatanye, ingufu z’amashanyarazi zikomoka kuri photovoltaic zidafite ubushobozi buhagije bwo kwitabira ibikorwa by’isoko ry’ingufu kandi zishobora kwemera igiciro mpuzandengo cy’isoko ry’ingufu. Ibi bivuze ko igiciro cyazo cy’amashanyarazi gishobora kuba kiri hasi ugereranyije n’uburyo bubiri bwo kwishyura ibiciro by’ingufu z’amashanyarazi twavuze haruguru.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, inyuma ya politiki nshya ku bijyanye n’amashanyarazi akwirakwizwa hamwe na politiki nshya ku bijyanye no kwinjira mu isoko ry’amashanyarazi yose, ikoreshwa ryinshi ku rugero runaka bivuze ko ibiciro by’amashanyarazi shingiro biri hejuru. Umuntu wese uzi gukoresha umutungo mwinshi azaba afite umwanya munini wo guhitamo imishinga. Amashanyarazi akwirakwizwa yanazanye igihe aho ikoreshwa ari ryo rikomeye, kandi bamwe mu bateza imbere amashanyarazi akwirakwizwa bamaze guhindura ingamba zabo z’iterambere.

Icyitegererezo cy'udushya mu irushanwa ry'umutungo

Mu by’ukuri, iterambere ry’isoko rya photovoltaic rikwirakwira ku rugero ruriho ubu ntaho ritandukaniye n’imbaraga z’abashoramari bari inyuma y’abashoramari. Ariko, kutizera inyungu zazanywe na politiki nshya byatumye abashoramari bagabanuka. Abashoramari batangiye guhanga udushya mu buryo bwabo kugira ngo bagabanye ibiciro cyangwa bongere agaciro, hanyuma bashyireho abashoramari bafite ibyo bakunda bitandukanye kugira ngo bahindure neza.

Hagati aho, kugabanya ikiguzi kitari icya tekiniki nk'amafaranga y'umutungo n'amafaranga yo gukodesha ibisenge hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya politiki bishobora gutuma imishinga ikomeza gushyirwa mu bikorwa. Ariko, ibi bishobora gutuma abahagarariye abacuruzi batakaza. Uburyo bwo kuringaniza iterambere ry'isoko no kugenzura ikiguzi ni ikibazo gishya ku bigo bikwirakwiza ingufu za fotovoltaic.