Kuva ku ya 9 kugeza ku ya 13 Gicurasi 2025, amahugurwa ya mbere y’igihugu ku rwego rw’igihugu ku bijyanye na politiki zo mu mazi n’ikoranabuhanga ryo mu nkengero z’ubutaka mu guteza imbere inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi yabereye neza mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ikoranabuhanga rya Beijing. Aya mahugurwa yateguwe ku bufatanye n’Ishami ry’Ingufu n’Ibikoresho byo mu Nyanja rya Sosiyete y’Ubushinwa ya Pasifika, Ikigo cy’Igenamigambi n’Ibishushanyo by’Ingufu z’Amazi n’Ingufu z’Amashanyarazi, Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ikoranabuhanga ryo mu Nyanja, Ikigo cy’Ubujyanama mu by’Ubwubatsi bw’Ingufu z’Amashanyarazi cya Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute of State Power Investment Corporation, Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi, Ibishushanyo n’Ubushakashatsi cya PowerChina, n’Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi mu by’Ubwenge bw’Ubukorano cya Beijing Institute of Technology ku buyobozi bwa za minisiteri na komisiyo za leta zibishinzwe. Guosheng Shian Technology Co., Ltd. na Zhongsheng Jinye (Beijing) Defense Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. bifatanyije. Abitabiriye aya mahugurwa ahanini bakomoka mu bigo bikomeye by’ingufu nshya zo mu mazi nka Offshore Oil Engineering Company, Datang, Huaneng, China Resources, PowerChina, Three Gorges, Guosheng Technology, na Goldwind, ndetse na za kaminuza zikomeye n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi nka Peking University, Tsinghua University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, CNOOC Energy Economics Research Institute, North China Electric Power Planning and Design Institute, Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute, na Northwest Institute of Survey, Design and Research. Bamwe mu bakozi bakora ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n’ubuyobozi baturutse mu bigo biciriritse bya leta n’iby’abikorera ku giti cyabo.
Aya mahugurwa ayobowe n'ingamba zashyizweho mu nama ya 20 y'Igihugu y'Ishyaka rya Gikomunisiti ry'Ubushinwa, nko "kwihutisha kubaka ingufu zo mu mazi", "kongera impinduramatwara y'ingufu", no "kwihutisha igenamigambi n'iyubakwa ry'uburyo bushya bw'ingufu", ndetse n'umwuka w'Inama Nkuru y'Ubukungu. Ikurikiza inyigo ya politiki n'amabwiriza hamwe n'iterambere nyaryo ry'inganda z'ingufu zo mu mazi, no guhuza udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no gushimangira imicungire ya siyansi. Abashyitsi bari batumiwe barimo Zhang Zhihua, Umugenzuzi wo ku rwego rwa kabiri akaba n'umuyobozi w'Ishami rishinzwe Akarere k'Inyanja n'Imicungire y'Ibirwa muri Minisiteri y'Umutungo Kamere, Jin Canrong, Visi Perezida w'Umuryango w'Ubushinwa wa Pasifika, Jiang Hao, Umufasha wa Perezida akaba n'umuyobozi w'Ishami Mpuzamahanga ry'Ikigo cy'Ubushinwa gishinzwe Ubushakashatsi ku Mutungo w'Amazi n'Ingufu z'Amazi, Hu Xiaofeng, Umuyobozi Mukuru w'Ikigo Gishya cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Ingufu z'Amazi n'Ingufu z'Amazi mu Bushinwa, Yang Yufeng, umushakashatsi mu Kigo cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Ingufu cya Kaminuza ya Peking, n'Umuyobozi w'Ibiro Bishinzwe Guhuza Ikigo cy'Ingufu cy'Abadage Impuguke zizwi nka Tao Guangyuan, Xu Weidong, impuguke ikomeye muri Leta ishinzwe Ishoramari ry'Ingufu, Hui Xing, injeniyeri mukuru w'Ikigo Gishya cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Ingufu z'Amajyaruguru y'Iburengerazuba cy'Uburengerazuba bw'Isi, na Liu Songmin, Visi Perezida w'Ikigo cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Itsinda ry'Ikoranabuhanga rya Guosheng, batanze ibiganiro. Icyibandwaho cy'ingenzi ni “Gusobanura no kureba politiki z’iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi mu gihe gishya”, “Icyerekezo cy’inganda z’ingufu kuva ku butaka ujya ku nyanja na gahunda y’iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi”, “Kubungabunga no gukoresha cyane inyanja mu ngufu z’umuyaga n’ingufu za photovoltaic”, “Ikoranabuhanga ryo mu nkengero n’ibibazo bishyushye mu iterambere ry’ingufu nshya zo mu mazi”, “Ingamba, Ibidukikije n’amahirwe ku bigo bishya by’ingufu byo mu mazi bigiye ku isi yose”, na “Ingaruka z’impinduka mu ngufu z’Ubudage n’ubufatanye hagati y’Ubudage n’Ubudage mu gihe gishya” Ibisobanuro birambuye byatanzwe ku ngingo nka “Uburyo bushya bwo gufatanya mu ngufu” na “Guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhanga mu by’ingufu nshya zo mu mazi n’imicungire myiza y’imishinga” mu buryo butandukanye. Binyuze mu biganiro by’abahanga, isesengura ry’imanza, ibiganiro no kungurana ibitekerezo, ndetse no gusura no kwigira, abahuguwe bashoboye gusobanukirwa neza politiki y’igihugu y’ikoreshwa ry’amazi n’amategeko agenga ingufu, no kumenya gahunda z’iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi. Gusobanukirwa ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n'iterambere ry'ingufu z'umuyaga wo mu nyanja, ingufu z'amashanyarazi aturuka kuri photovoltaic n'uburyo bwo kubika ingufu, no kugira igitekerezo gisobanutse ku mahirwe, ibidukikije n'uburyo ibigo bishya by'ingufu byo mu Bushinwa byo "gukomeza kugaragara ku isi" mu gihe gishya, byongereye icyizere cy'abahugurwa mu guteza imbere iterambere ry'inganda n'udushya mu bigo, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutegura no guteza imbere imishinga mishya y'ingufu zo mu mazi hakurikijwe amategeko n'amabwiriza. Bitanga inkunga ikomeye mu bwenge no mu mpano mu guteza imbere iterambere ry'inganda nshya z'ingufu zo mu mazi, kongera udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ingufu z'umuyaga wo mu mazi n'amashanyarazi aturuka kuri photovoltaic, no kunoza imicungire myiza y'imishinga y'ubwubatsi.
Gukurikiza uburyo bushingiye ku bibazo no ku busabe, no guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubufatanye binyuze mu kwigisha no kwiga, ni ikintu kigaragara muri aya mahugurwa. Mu gihe cy’amahugurwa, impuguke zo muri za minisiteri na komisiyo za leta zibishinzwe zatumiye abahagarariye ibigo bishya by’ingufu bitabiriye amahugurwa ku rubyiniro binyuze mu "nama yo ku meza" kugira ngo bumve ibyo ibigo by’ingufu zo mu mazi bikeneye mu iterambere, bumve amajwi y’ibigo bishya by’ingufu biri imbere, kandi bungurane ibitekerezo byimbitse ku ngorane, imbogamizi n’ibintu bibabaza mu iterambere ry’ingufu nshya zo mu mazi. Abahuguwe muri rusange bagaragaje ko kwitabira aya mahugurwa byari "bishimishije" kandi bifite akamaro kanini. Ntibize gusa politiki z’igihugu z’amazi n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, ahubwo banashimangiye imikoranire y’umwuga, guhanahana amakuru hagati ya leta n’ibigo, ndetse n’itumanaho riva hejuru. Byateje imbere ubufatanye hagati y’impande enye z’inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi, amashuri makuru, ubushakashatsi, n’imicungire, kandi byoroshya iterambere ry’ibigo mu nganda zizamuka, hagati, no munsi y’uruhererekane rw’inganda z’ingufu zo mu mazi. Bifasha ingufu zo mu mazi kuba "ahantu hashya" ho guteza imbere ibigo n’"moteri" nshya yo gukura kw’inganda.
Inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi zavutse kandi zigatera imbere ku nyanja, kandi zifitanye isano rya hafi n’ibidukikije byo mu mazi, imiterere y’inyanja n’iteganyagihe, ndetse n’ikoreshwa ry’inyanja ya satelite. Kugira ngo abahugurwa bongere ubushobozi bwo gusobanukirwa no gukoresha inyanja, ku ya 13 Gicurasi, amahugurwa yateguye by’umwihariko urugendo rusange rw’abahugurwa mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Iteganyagihe ry’Ibidukikije byo mu mazi n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Iteganyagihe ry’Ibidukikije byo mu mazi. Buri wese muri rusange yakoranye ubucuruzi n’impuguke zo mu bigo byombi, bazana ibibazo bifatika bahura na byo mu kazi kabo. Muri bo, Du Xiting wo muri Offshore Oil Engineering Company na Zhang Zhe wo muri Goldwind Science & Technology bari bafite ubumenyi bwimbitse. Bemeza ko ubwo bwoko bw’uruzinduko n’ubushakashatsi ari “ingirakamaro” cyane kandi butanga umusaruro. Mu gihe cyashize, bari bafite ubumenyi “buri kure” gusa ku bijyanye n’iteganyagihe ry’ibidukikije byo mu mazi. Muri iki gihe, kuba bashobora kugirana ikiganiro “cy’intera” n’impuguke zo muri ibyo bigo byombi ni ingirakamaro cyane ku kazi kabo k’ubucuruzi.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n’izamuka ryihuse ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi, zigizwe ahanini n’ingufu z’umuyaga wo mu mazi n’ingufu z’amashanyarazi zikomoka ku zuba, byabaye “ahantu hashya” ho gutangiza ibigo by’ingufu n’imbaraga nshya zo guteza imbere inganda z’ingufu hamwe n’inyungu zabyo zidasanzwe z’iterambere hamwe n’ubushobozi bukomeye mu bukungu. Gusobanukirwa politiki z’igihugu ku ikoreshwa ry’amazi n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry’ingufu nshya biri kugenda biba “ingamba zitsinda” zo guteza imbere inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi no kugira ngo ibigo bishya by’ingufu birusheho kuba byiza, binini kandi bikomere. Dr. Jin Hainian, umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe kubaka ingufu n’ibikoresho byo mu mazi ry’umuryango w’ubushinwa wa Pacific, yabwiye abanyamakuru ko uyu mwaka ari wo usoza gahunda ya 14 y’imyaka itanu kandi ko ari n’umwaka w’ingenzi mu igenamigambi ryayo. Biyobowe na za minisiteri na komisiyo za leta zibishinzwe, ishami rishinzwe kubaka ingufu n’ibikoresho byo mu mazi ry’umuryango w’ubushinwa wa Pacific rizakomeza kugira uruhare rusesuye mu muryango w’igihugu nk’ “ikiraro” n’ “umuhuza”. Guhera ku mahugurwa, izakora ibikorwa byo kwigisha no kwerekana amahugurwa yo ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi rufite ireme ku gihe kugira ngo iteze imbere ubufatanye hagati y’inganda, za kaminuza, ubushakashatsi, imicungire n’ikoreshwa mu ngufu nshya zo mu mazi n’isano riri hagati y’ingufu zo mu mazi, hagati n’izo mu mazi. Kwihutisha imiterere y’uruhererekane rw’agaciro, uruhererekane rw’inganda n’uruhererekane rw’ingufu zo mu mazi mu gihe gishya, guteza imbere iterambere rishya ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu zo mu mazi, no gutuma koko iba inzira nshya, moteri nshya n’izuba rishya mu guteza imbere umusaruro mushya ufite ireme.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-21-2025