Kuva mu 2007 kugeza mu 2025, SNEC imaze iminsi 18 iteranye. Nyuma y'imyaka 18, umubare w'abamurika wiyongereyeho inshuro zirenga icumi, kandi ahantu haberaga imurikagurisha n'umubare w'abitabiriye byariyongereyeho hafi inshuro 20.
Mu nzira yose, inganda zikora ibijyanye n’amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic zagiye zihangana n’umuyaga n’imvura, zikorana kugira ngo zigire uruhare mu cyerekezo cy’ingufu zitangiza ibidukikije. Ariko, mu rwego rwo gukwirakwira kw’amarushanwa mu nganda mu gihe kirekire, ingingo zishyushye muri iri murika ryibanda cyane ku bintu nk’urusobe rw’inganda n’ubushobozi bwo kuzikoresha.
Mu muhango wo gufungura Inama Mpuzamahanga ya 18 (2025) ya SNEC PV&ES, ishami rishinzwe ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho bya batiri (Shanghai), abayobozi b'inganda nka Zhu Gongshan, Perezida wa GCL Group, Gao Jifan, Perezida wa Trina Solar, na Li Junfeng, Umuyobozi Mukuru w'Umuryango w'Ubushakashatsi ku Ngamba z'Ubushinwa, hamwe n'impuguke zo ku mpande zose, batanze ibitekerezo bikomeye ku miterere y'inganda. Hatanzwe kandi ibitekerezo ku guhangana n'ibibazo nk'irushanwa ry'imbere mu gihugu n'ubushobozi burenze urugero.
Zhu Gongshan, perezida w’Inama Mpuzamahanga y’Ingufu Zibungabunga Ibidukikije, perezida w’Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda zikora ifotovoltaic muri Aziya, umuyobozi wungirije w’Ihuriro ry’Inganda zikora ifotovoltaic muri SNEC, umuyobozi mukuru w’Inama Mpuzamahanga y’Ifotovoltaic muri SNEC PV+, akaba na perezida wa GCL Group, yavuze ko mu mwaka ushize, inganda zikora ifotovoltaic zavuguruwe mu buryo busanzwe mu gihe cy’ububabare bukomeye. “Impinduka zikomeye” n’ “ivugurura rikomeye” birabaho, kandi gukuraho no kongera kuvuka birajyana. Itandukaniro ryimbitse n’ihuzabikorwa ry’imbaraga bibaho icyarimwe.
Muri iki kibazo, ni ngombwa kumenya neza ko impinduka zikomeye zibaho mu nganda zikoresha ingufu za fotovoltaic ahanini ari ingaruka z’impinduka mu bintu bitatu: ikoranabuhanga, isoko na politiki: ivugurura ry’ikoranabuhanga ryihutisha gukuraho ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu inyuma, uburyo bwo kongera kubaka icyitegererezo cy’inyungu ku isoko, guhuza imipaka kwagura umupaka w’agaciro, no guteza imbere impinduka za fotovoltaic kuva ku "mugira uruhare mu mpinduramatwara y’ingufu" kugera ku "mwubatsi wa sisitemu ya zero-karubone". Aho kwitega ko inganda zikoresha ingufu za fotovoltaic zizagaruka mu buryo buhoraho, ni byiza guhangana n’ivugurura ribangamiye inganda.
Zhu Gongshan yashimangiye ati: “Nyuma yo guhura n’ububabare bw’inganda buterwa n’ubushobozi burenze urugero mu mibanire yose, abakora akazi bakwiye gutekereza cyane no gukusanya 'Inyandiko yo Kwibuka ku Irushanwa ry’Inganda mu rwego rwa photovoltaic' - inganda za photovoltaic si urugamba rw’imikino ya zeru, ahubwo ni umuryango w’ubuzima rusange w’abashaka inyungu.” Nta buryo bwo gusohoka mu gushaka inyungu mu gihe gito no kwiyongera k’ubushobozi bw’umusaruro. Kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ibicuruzwa bya photovoltaic bifite aho bigarukira mu buryo bufatika no mu buryo bwa tekiniki. Kugabanya ikiguzi cyane no guhangana cyane ku nyungu zikwiye ntaho bitandukaniye no kunywa uburozi kugira ngo wice inyota.
Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kuvugurura urusobe rw'inganda, yatanze ibitekerezo bitatu. Icya mbere ni uguteza imbere isuku binyuze mu bikorwa bya leta n'ibigo. Ibipimo by'ubushobozi bwo gukora imashini zitanga ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic bigomba gushyirwa mu buryo bumwe mu rwego rw'igenamigambi ry'igihugu. Uretse ikoranabuhanga rishya ribangamira, ubushobozi bushya bwo gukora bugomba kugenzurwa cyane kugira ngo hirindwe imyitwarire idahwitse yo kurinda aho batuye. Icya kabiri ni ugushyira amanota ku bidukikije no kugena agaciro. Gushyiraho sisitemu zo gushyira mu byiciro agaciro k'ibidukikije nk'"icyatsi kibisi cyijimye" na "icyatsi kibisi cyoroshye", no gushyiramo agaciro ka karuboni kazengurutse mu buryo bw'ibanze bwo guhuza amashanyarazi akomoka kuri fotovoltaic. Icya gatatu, habayeho imikoranire mishya y'ibice bivanze, bigasenya inzitizi zo gukoresha imashini zitanga ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic mu mahanga. Hindura imiterere y'ihindagurika ry'agaciro aho ubushobozi bwo gukora ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic buruta imiterere yabwo ya tekiniki.
Gao Jifan, Perezida w’icyubahiro w’Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Ubushinwa zikora ifotovoltaic akaba n’umuyobozi mukuru wa Trina Solar, yagaragaje ko inganda zikora ifotovoltaic zihura n’imbogamizi eshatu zikomeye: kwiyongera k’ibibazo by’ubucuruzi, ikibazo gikomeye cy’irushanwa ry’imbere mu gihugu n’ikwirakwira ry’ibiciro, ndetse n’ubusumbane buri hagati y’ibicuruzwa n’ibikenewe. Kugira ngo ipiganwa ry’imbere mu gihugu rishobore guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe, ni ngombwa gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba eshatu z’ingenzi: guhuza inganda, kugenzura neza ubushobozi bw’umusaruro, no kongera imbaraga mu kurengera umutungo bwite mu by’ubwenge.
Yizera ko inganda zikoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi zizahinduka zivuye mu bihe byashize aho inganda zari zikomeye zijya mu bihe bikomeye. Impinduka kuva ku gupiganwa ku biciro kugera ku guhanga agaciro ni ukubaka uburyo bushya bw'ingufu zitagira ingaruka ku bidukikije bushingiye ku bintu bifite ubushobozi bunini.
Shi Yonghong, perezida w’Urugaga rw’Ubucuruzi rw’Ubushinwa rushinzwe gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga imashini n’ibicuruzwa by’ikoranabuhanga, yizera ko imiterere y’inganda zikora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi muri iki gihe ishobora gusobanurwa mu magambo ane: “ibibazo by’imbere mu gihugu n’ibibazo byo hanze”, kandi ibibazo by’imbere mu gihugu biruta ibibazo byo hanze. Buri kigo kirimo kunyura muri iyi nzira itoroshye, ariko inganda ntizageze ku rwego rwo hasi kuko nta bigo byinshi byagabanyije umusaruro cyane, kandi nta kigo cyarokotse kubera iyo mpamvu.
Shi Yonghong yagize ati: “Mu rwego rw’inganda, ibigo bikoresha ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic bigomba kwigiraho ikinyabupfura no kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora muri iki gihe.” Ariko mu rwego rw’iterambere, ibigo ntibishaka kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora. Bityo rero, imbaraga zo hanze zirakenewe kugira ngo bigenzure ubushobozi bwo gukora.
Mu gihugu imbere, leta igomba gufata ingamba zo kugenzura. Mu mahanga, ingano y'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ishobora no kugenzurwa. Ubwa mbere, kubara ibisabwa ku masoko yo hanze n'ingano ijyanye n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibigo bihatanira amasoko yo hanze bigabanya ibiciro. Muri ubu buryo, ntibihura gusa n'ibyo isoko rikeneye, ahubwo binaha ibigo byacu bifite ububasha bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi aturuka kuri amashanyarazi kugira ijambo mu bijyanye n'igiciro no kubyaza umusaruro bikwiye.
Ku bijyanye n'ikibazo gikomeye kiri imbere mu nganda no hanze yazo, Li Junfeng, umuyobozi uhoraho w’ishyirahamwe ry’ubushakashatsi ku ngufu ry’Ubushinwa, yemeye mu buryo bweruye ko bidaterwa n’impamvu z’isoko. Impamvu inganda zikora ubu zirimo gushyuha mu ruhererekane rw’inganda ni ukudahuza gukomeye hagati y’umusaruro n’ubushobozi. Byongeye kandi, inganda zikomeje kongera umusaruro kandi zizeye ko leta ishobora gutanga isoko ryagutse kandi ko ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bushobora gufungura isoko ryagutse.
Dushobora kuba dukeneye gusuzuma neza uko ibintu bimeze ubu. Tugomba kugenzura umusaruro wacu n'umuvuduko wacu. Ibigo byose bikoresha ingufu za voltaic bigomba gutanga uburere bukwiye no gukoresha uburyo bukwiye bw'ubucuruzi kugira ngo bihurize hamwe kurinda uru rwego.
Dai Qinghua, umuyobozi wa Sany Group akaba na perezida wa Sany Silicon Energy, yavuze ko kugira ngo inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi aturuka kuri photovoltaic zigabanuke ibiciro, zitashobora kubikora zitabanje gushyira imbere ibigo bikomeye. Uburyo bw'ubucuruzi bushyira imbere inyungu z'inganda mbere y'iz'ibigo ku giti cyabyo ni bwo bwonyine bushoboka kubigeraho.
Ku bijyanye n'intambwe ikurikira mu iterambere ry'inganda, Liu Yong, perezida akaba na perezida wa Daodao New Energy, yizera ko inganda zikomeye ku isi zaguye mu mimerere mibi, kandi impamvu nyamukuru iri mu ihindagurika ry'ibiciro riterwa n'ubusumbane hagati y'ibitangwa n'ibikenewe. Ariko, iki kintu kidasobanutse ntikizamara igihe kirekire. Amasosiyete azagaruka mu gushyira mu gaciro, kandi inganda nazo zizasubira mu buryo bw'ibanze bw'ubucuruzi. Iyo urebye amateka y'inganda, udushya mu ikoranabuhanga twagiye tuba ingenzi mu kunyuramo.
Kugira ngo tugere ku rugero rwa nyuma rw'ikoreshwa ry'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi aturuka kuri photovoltaic no gufasha abakoresha kwishimira by'ukuri agaciro k'amashanyarazi aturuka ku bidukikije, iterambere ry'inganda zacu rizagera ku rundi rwego.
Liu Yafang, umwarimu wungirije muri Kaminuza ya Zhejiang akaba n'uwahoze ari umuyobozi wungirije w'ishami rishinzwe kubungabunga ingufu n'ikoranabuhanga mu kigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ingufu, yizera ko nubwo inganda zikoresha ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic muri iki gihe ziri mu cyiciro kigoye cyane, ari ikibazo cy'uburyo bwo gukura. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'amashanyarazi akomoka kuri fotovoltaic n'ayo kubika ingufu, inganda zikoresha ingufu zikomoka kuri fotovoltaic nazo zitezweho kwinjira mu cyiciro cy'iterambere ryiza kandi rirambye mu gihe kizaza.
You Min, visi perezida mukuru akaba n'umunyamabanga mukuru w'ishyirahamwe ry'amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, yagaragaje ko hamwe n'impinduka mu ikoranabuhanga, iterambere rusange mu gihe kizaza rizagira uruhare runini mu kubaka icyerekezo gishya cy'iterambere ryiza. Mu gihe cy'ivugurura rikomeye ry'inganda, hatitawe ku bunini bw'ikigo, ni ngombwa gufata iterambere rusange nk'ishingiro no kwakira neza ipiganwa ry'isoko no kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-16-2025