Vuba aha, konti yemewe ya WeChat [Amakuru ya Photovoltaic] (PV-info) yamenye ko ku ya 5 Kanama, Banki y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa, Komisiyo y'Igihugu ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura n'andi mashami arindwi bashyize hamwe batanga "Ibitekerezo Biyobora ku Nkunga y'Imari ku Nganda Nshya."
Inyandiko ivuga ko ibigo byujuje ibisabwa mu nganda zikiri kuzamuka, nko mu ikoranabuhanga ry’amakuru ry’igihe kizaza, porogaramu z’ibanze n’inganda, imodoka zikoresha ubwenge (zihujwe), ingufu nshya, ibikoresho bishya, ibikoresho bigezweho, amakuru ajyanye n’ikirere, indege z’ubucuruzi, ubuvuzi bw’ibinyabuzima, n’umutekano w’umuyoboro n’amakuru, bizashyigikirwa mu gukusanya inkunga mu masoko y’imari y’ingeri nyinshi. Hazatezwa imbere amavugurura y’ishoramari, kandi isuzuma ry’igihe kirekire ry’ibigo by’ishoramari rizanozwa. Ibigega bya leta by’ishoramari, ibigega bya leta by’ibigo by’ubwishingizi, n’ibindi bigega by’igihe kirekire bizashishikarizwa kwihutisha imiterere y’inganda z’ejo hazaza, hibandwa ku nganda z’ejo hazaza, amakuru ajyanye n’ejo hazaza, ibikoresho by’ejo hazaza, ingufu z’ejo hazaza, ahantu h’ejo hazaza, n’ubuzima bw’ejo hazaza, mu gihe hakirindwa ingaruka zishobora gukemuka. Iyi nyandiko inashimangira iterambere rya sisitemu y’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’imari ishyigikira ihindagurika ry’ibidukikije n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere ry’inganda zikoresha karubone nyinshi. Ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bitandukanye by’imari bikoresha karubone, nk’inguzanyo ikoresha karubone n’impapuro mpapuro z’agaciro, mu ihindagurika ry’ibidukikije n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere ry’inganda zikoresha karubone nke mu nganda zikora rizakomezwa.
Kubahiriza ihame ryo "gushyiraho mbere yo gusenya" kandi ushishikarize amabanki gushyigikira imishinga n'ibigo mu nganda zikoresha karubone nyinshi zijyanye no kunoza ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu kurengera ibidukikije n'ikoreshwa rya karubone nkeya hamwe na politiki yo gusimbuza ubushobozi. Kunoza uburyo bwo gushishikariza no gukumira ibidukikije, gushishikariza ibigo by'imari guteza imbere ibicuruzwa by'imari bishyigikira inganda zikoresha karubone, kongera ishoramari mu kurengera ibidukikije, kubungabunga ingufu, kubungabunga amazi, umusaruro usukuye, gukoresha umutungo rusange, gukora inganda zikoresha karubone nkeya, no guteza imbere inganda zikoresha karubone nkeya, no gushyigikira impinduka mu nganda zikoresha karubone nkeya zikoreshwa mu kurengera ibidukikije.
Banki y'abaturage y'Ubushinwa n'andi mashami arindwi bashyize hamwe batanga “Ibitekerezo biyobora ku nkunga y'imari ku nganda nshya”
Kugira ngo bashyire mu bikorwa byimazeyo umwuka w’Inama Rusange ya Gatatu ya Komite Nkuru ya 20 ya CPC, bashyire mu bikorwa gahunda z’Inama y’Igihugu yo Guteza Imbere Inganda Nshya, kandi bihutishe kubaka igihugu gikomeye cy’imari n’inganda, Banki y’Abaturage y’Ubushinwa, Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho, Komisiyo y’Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n’Ivugurura, Minisiteri y’Imari, Ubuyobozi bwa Leta Bushinzwe Imari, Komisiyo Ishinzwe Igenzura ry’Imigabane mu Bushinwa, n’Ubuyobozi bw’Ivunjisha ry’Amahanga bwa Leta baherutse gusohora ku bufatanye “Ibitekerezo Biyobora ku Nkunga y’Imari ku Nganda Nshya” (hakurikiraho byitwa “Ibitekerezo”).
Ibitekerezo bya Xi Jinping ku bijyanye n’Ubusosiyalisiti bufite imiterere y’Abashinwa mu gihe gishya, bishyigikira serivisi z’imari ku bukungu nyakuri nk’intego yabyo y’ibanze n’igipimo cy’ibanze cyo gukumira no gukemura ibibazo by’imari. Bibanda ku nshingano nyamukuru y’inganda nshya, Ibitekerezo byongera imbaraga mu kuvugurura imiterere y’imari bitewe n’ibikenewe, bishimangira guhuza politiki z’inganda n’imari, kandi bigatanga serivisi z’imari nziza kugira ngo biteze imbere inganda nshya no kwihutisha iterambere ry’imbaraga nshya zitanga umusaruro. Bikurikije ingamba zitandukanye za politiki kandi bigatanga inkunga n’igenzura, Ibitekerezo byongera kwihutisha impinduka z’inganda zijya ku masoko yo hagati n’ayo hejuru kandi bikarinda amarushanwa adahinduka. Mu 2027, sisitemu y’imari ishyigikira iterambere ry’inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, z’ubwenge, kandi zirengera ibidukikije izaba imaze gukura, hamwe no kunoza cyane uburyo serivisi zikoreshwa.
Ibitekerezo bitanga ingamba zigamije gushyigikira ibice by'ingenzi by'inganda nshya. Ibikoresho bya politiki y'imari bizanozwa kugira ngo bishyigikire ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'ikoranabuhanga n'ubushakashatsi, imari y'abarwayi izashyirwa ahagaragara binyuze mu nzira nyinshi zo guhindura ibyagezweho mu ikoranabuhanga n'ikoranabuhanga, serivisi zuzuye z'imari zizongererwa imbaraga ku bigo by'ingenzi mu ruhererekane rw'inganda, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda no kwihanganira imiyoboro y'inganda bizarushaho kwiyongera. Hazatezwa imbere ibice bitanu by'ingenzi, harimo imari ya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga, imari irengera ibidukikije, n'imari ya digitale. Uburyo bwa serivisi y'imari y'uruhererekane rw'inganda bushingiye ku "nguzanyo y'amakuru" na "inguzanyo y'ibikoresho" buzarushaho kwiyongera kugira ngo bushyigikire impinduka no kuvugurura inganda gakondo no guhinga no gukura kw'inganda zikiri nshya. Uburyo bwo gucunga inguzanyo na serivisi z'imari zijyanye no kohereza amafaranga mu nganda mu turere two hagati n'uburengerazuba buzarushaho kunozwa, kandi ubwiyongere n'iterambere ryihariye ry'umutungo w'imari mu matsinda y'inganda bizatezwa imbere. Hazatezwa imbere ingamba zo korohereza serivisi z'imari zambukiranya imipaka, harimo gukemura ibibazo by'ubucuruzi, gucunga amafaranga, ishoramari n'imari, kugira ngo hashyigikirwe imiterere y'inganda no kwagura ahantu hateye imbere, bityo bikomeze urujya n'uruza rw'imbere mu gihugu.
Ibitekerezo byongera ubushobozi bwa serivisi z'imari n'uburyo bw'igihe kirekire kugira ngo hakomeze kubaho ishoramari rikwiye mu rwego rw'inganda. Ibigo by'imari bizanoza uburyo bwabyo bw'imbere mu gukorera urwego rw'inganda, bishyireho gahunda zitandukanye z'inguzanyo ku rwego rw'inganda, kandi bishyireho politiki zitandukanye z'inguzanyo zigenewe inganda runaka n'ibyiciro by'iterambere ry'ibigo. Bazatera imbere itsinda ry'abahanga mu nzego zitandukanye mu nganda za siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga n'imari, bashishikarize ibigo by'imari kubaka amashami yuzuye yo gucunga imari na serivisi. Bazashyiraho kandi banoze uburyo bune: guhuza no guteza imbere amashami atandukanye, gutera inkunga politiki n'imbogamizi, gushyigikira politiki z'ibanze, no guhuza gukumira no kugenzura ingaruka. Bazakoresha uruhare runini rwa politiki y'imari na politiki y'inguzanyo nini kugira ngo bongere imbaraga, ubunyangamugayo, n'ukuri kw'inkunga y'imari ku nganda nshya.
Mu ntambwe ikurikira, Banki y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa na Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho bazakorana n'amashami bireba kugira ngo bateze imbere byuzuye ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ingamba zitandukanye muri "Ibitekerezo", bashimangire ubufatanye mu nganda n'imari, banoze uburyo bwo gushyigikira imari mu iterambere rishya ry'inganda, kandi batange inkunga ikomeye mu rwego rwo kwihutisha iterambere rishya ry'inganda.
umugereka:
Banki y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa, Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru, Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura, Minisiteri y'Imari, Ubuyobozi bwa Leta Bushinzwe Imari, Komisiyo Ishinzwe Kugenzura Imigabane mu Bushinwa, Ubuyobozi bwa Leta Bushinzwe Ivunjisha
Ibitekerezo biyobora ku nkunga y'imari ku nganda nshya
Inganda ni ishingiro ry'igihugu n'ishingiro ry'iterambere ry'ubukungu n'imibereho myiza. Kugera ku nganda nshya ni igikorwa cy'ingenzi mu guteza imbere imbaraga z'igihugu cy'Ubushinwa no kuvugurura igihugu binyuze mu kuvugurura imiterere y'Abashinwa. Kugira ngo twihutishe iterambere ry'igihugu gikomeye cy'imari n'inganda no gushyiraho uburyo bw'imari bujyanye no guteza imbere imiterere y'inganda nshya, ibitekerezo bikurikira biratangwa.
1.Ibisabwa muri rusange
Tuyobowe na Xi Jinping Igitekerezo ku Busosiyalisiti bufite Ibiranga Ubushinwa mu Gihe Gishya, tuzashyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo umwuka wa Kongere ya 20 y'Igihugu y'Ishyaka rya Gikomunisiti ry'Ubushinwa n'Inama Rusange ya Kabiri n'iya Gatatu ya Komite Nkuru ya 20, dushyire mu bikorwa Inama y'Igihugu yo Guteza Imbere Inganda Nshya, dushyire mu bikorwa mu buryo bwuzuye, neza, kandi busesuye igitekerezo gishya cy'iterambere, duhuze iterambere n'umutekano, kandi dushyigikire neza serivisi z'imari ku bukungu nyakuri nk'intego yacu y'ibanze n'igipimo cy'ibanze cyo gukumira no gukemura ibibazo by'imari. Tuzubahiriza amahame ashingiye ku isoko n'amategeko, twibande ku nshingano z'ingenzi z'inganda nshya, twongere imbaraga mu kuvugurura imiterere y'imari, twongere ubufatanye mu nganda n'imari, twongere imbaraga, ubunyangamugayo, n'imikorere myiza y'inkunga y'imari. Tuzatanga serivisi z'imari nziza zo kubaka sisitemu igezweho y'inganda iyobowe n'udushya mu bya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga kandi ishyigikiwe n'inganda ziteye imbere, dukomeze guteza imbere inganda nshya, kandi twihutishe iterambere ry'imbaraga nshya zitanga umusaruro. Tuzubahiriza politiki zitandukanye, dutanga inkunga n'ubugenzuzi, kugira ngo duteze imbere iterambere ryihuse ry'inganda rigana ku masoko yo hagati n'ayo ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi dukumire ipiganwa "rishingiye ku mihindagurikire".
Mu mwaka wa 2027, uburyo bw'imari bushyigikira iterambere ry’inganda rihambaye, ry’ubwenge, kandi ritangiza ibidukikije buzaba bumaze gukura cyane, bufite urwego rw’ibicuruzwa byinshi. Inguzanyo, impapuro mvunjwafaranga, imigabane, ubwishingizi, n’izindi nyandiko z’imari bizahuzwa cyane kandi bihuzwe, birinde ingaruka mbi z’imari, kandi uburyo bwo guhuza serivisi buzarushaho kwiyongera. Ibikenewe mu nguzanyo z’ibigo by’inganda bizuzura neza, umubare n’ingano y’itangwa ry’impapuro mvunjwafaranga n’ibigo by’inganda bizakomeza kwiyongera, kandi urwego rw’imari y’imigabane ruzarushaho kunozwa cyane.
2. Gushyigikira kunoza ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda no kwihanganira imiyoboro y'inganda n'imiyoboro y'ibikoresho
(1) Kunoza ibikoresho bya politiki y'imari kugira ngo bishyigikire ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi n'ubushakashatsi ku bicuruzwa. Koresha uruhare rw'ibikoresho bya politiki y'imari mu miterere kugira ngo uyobore amabanki mu gutanga inkunga y'igihe giciriritse n'igihe kirekire ku bushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga n'ibicuruzwa mu nganda z'ingenzi, nko mu nganda zikora ibikoresho by'inganda, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, seriveri, ibikoresho, porogaramu z'ibanze, porogaramu z'inganda, n'ibikoresho bigezweho. Gushishikariza ibigo by'imari byose, hashingiwe ku mirimo yabyo, gukoresha ibikoresho by'imari bikwiye kugira ngo bikorere imishinga yo kubaka inganda n'imishinga minini y'ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Ku bigo by'ikoranabuhanga bigeze ku iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi, hazashyirwaho "umuyoboro w'icyatsi" wo gushyira ku rutonde inkunga, guhuzwa no kugura, no gutanga impapuro mvunjwafaranga. Kongera inkunga yo guteza imbere no gukoresha ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bya mbere, ibikoresho bishya bya mbere, porogaramu ya mbere, n'ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse byihariye, byihariye, kandi bishya, ibigo by'ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, ibigo by'ubucuruzi binini, n'ibigo by'ubucuruzi by'inganda n'ibicuruzwa by'ingenzi.
(2) Gushyiraho ibigega by'igihe kirekire no guteza imbere imari y'abarwayi kugira ngo bihutishe impinduka mu byagezweho mu bumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga. Gushyigikira ubufatanye hagati y'ibigo by'imari n'ibigo by'ubuhuza mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo hasuzumwe kandi hatezwe imbere uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga serivisi z'imari kugira ngo hongerwe imbaraga umutungo n'ibyagezweho mu bushakashatsi no mu ikoranabuhanga. Gushyiraho umushinga wihariye wa "Ihuriro ry'Imari mu Ikoranabuhanga", gukora ishoramari n'imurikagurisha rya "Uruhererekane rumwe ku kwezi" na gahunda ya "Ibisasu by'Amasaya n'Amajana y'Amato" kugira ngo hatezwe imbere urutonde rw'ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse byihariye, bihanga udushya, kandi bishya. Kunoza uburyo bwo gusuzuma imiterere y'ikoranabuhanga rikomeye, gushimangira amabwiriza ku byo abantu biteze ku rutonde n'ibishishikarizwa na politiki, no gushishikariza imari mu mibereho myiza gushora imari hakiri kare, mu ikoranabuhanga rito, ry'igihe kirekire, no mu ikoranabuhanga rikomeye. Guteza imbere serivisi z'imari zihariye nko gutanga inguzanyo, amakuru, ubujyanama mu by'imari, n'ubujyanama mu by'imicungire ku bafite impano zo ku rwego rwo hejuru mu guhanga udushya no kwihangira imirimo. Gushishikariza ibigega by’imari shingiro gukorana n’ibigo by’igihugu bishya mu bucuruzi, za kaminuza n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi, urubuga rwo gushishikariza abashoramari, ibigo bitanga serivisi za leta ku bigo bito n’ibiciriritse, urubuga rwo kugerageza inganda rwo ku rwego rwo hejuru, n’amashami y’igerageza mu rwego rwo guteza imbere inganda ku byavuye muri gahunda z’ingenzi z’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’igihugu kugira ngo habeho impinduka no guteza imbere inganda mu byagezweho mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga. Guteza imbere ibigega by’imari shingiro ku isoko ry’inyongera, kunoza inzira z’ubucuruzi n’uburyo bwo gutanga ibiciro mu kohereza imigabane mu bigega by’imari shingiro, no guteza imbere iterambere rihuriweho ry’amasoko y’imigabane mu karere n’ibigega by’imari shingiro. Gushishikariza ibigo bitanga imari shingiro mu bucuruzi gushakisha ishoramari ritaziguye, ibigega, imigabane mu bukode bw’imitungo, serivisi zijyanye n’imigabane, n’izindi nzira zo gushora imari mu bigo bitanga imari shingiro. Gushyigikira ibigo by’ubwishingizi gukorana n’ibigo bipima ibiciro ku bucuruzi bw’ubwishingizi bushya.
(3) Kongera imbaraga mu gutanga serivisi z'imari ku bigo by'ingenzi no gushyigikira iterambere ryigenga kandi rigenzurwa ry'uruhererekane rw'inganda. Gufasha ibigo by'imari gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye nk'inguzanyo, impapuro mvunjwafaranga, imigabane, n'ubwishingizi kugira ngo bitange serivisi zuzuye z'imari ku bigo by'ingenzi biyoboye uruhererekane rw'inganda n'ibigo by'ingenzi bishyigikira uruhererekane rw'inganda, gutanga ibisubizo by'imari ku mikorere ihamye y'ibigo bigizweho ingaruka n'ibintu byo hanze, no gushyigikira ibigo byigenga kugira ngo bigire uruhare rugaragara mu kubaka uruhererekane rw'inganda rwigenga kandi rugenzurwa. Kunoza politiki y'inguzanyo za M&A, gushyigikira ibigo by'ingenzi biyoboye uruhererekane kwibanda ku ruhererekane rw'inganda kugira ngo bakore ishoramari rya "kuzuza uruhererekane" na "kwagura uruhererekane", no guteza imbere iterambere ry'uruhererekane rw'inganda zose. Gushyigikira ibigo by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro kwihutisha kwiyongera kw'umutungo w'agaciro w'ingenzi no kunoza ubushobozi bwo gutanga ingwate y'umutungo w'ingenzi, hashingiwe ku kubahiriza politiki z'igihugu z'inganda. Biyobowe n'ibikenewe mu nganda, kunoza sisitemu y'ibicuruzwa by'ejo hazaza no guteza imbere itangwa n'ibiciro bihamye by'ibicuruzwa byinshi.
3.Gushyigikira iyubakwa ryihuse ry'inganda zigezweho
(4) Kunoza serivisi z'imari ku nganda gakondo no guteza imbere impinduka n'iterambere ry'inganda. Gufasha amabanki kunoza politiki z'inguzanyo hashingiwe ku ihame ryo gushyigikira no kugenzura, no kongera inkunga y'imari mu iterambere rihanitse, ry'ubwenge, n'ibidukikije ry'inganda gakondo, ndetse no ku bigo kongera ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa, kunoza ireme, no guhanga ibirango. Kongera imbaraga mu gushyigikira imari mu mpinduka z'ikoranabuhanga mu nganda zikora, cyane cyane ku bigo bito n'ibiciriritse n'abatanga impinduka z'ikoranabuhanga. Gukoresha inshingano ebyiri zo gutera inkunga no gutera inkunga ibicuruzwa mu gukodesha kugira ngo bishyigikire ibigo mu mpinduka z'ikoranabuhanga mu bikoresho bikoreshwa mu gukora, kuvugurura no gusimbuza ibikoresho na porogaramu by'ubwenge, kugura ibikoresho bihumanya ikirere kandi bitangiza ibidukikije, no gukoresha ibikoresho by'umutekano n'ibyihutirwa. Guteza imbere ingwate z'umutungo w'inguzanyo mu nganda. Gushimangira udushya mu guhanga udushya mu bijyanye n'inguzanyo kugira ngo bishyigikire impinduka n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, kubaka inganda zigezweho, no guhindura ikoranabuhanga mu bigo bito n'ibiciriritse. Gushyigikira ibigo byashyizwe ku rutonde mu guhuza no kuvugurura inganda binyuze mu rutonde rusange, gushyira mu myanya y'abikorera ku giti cyabo, no kugura imitungo. Gushishikariza ibigo by'ubwishingizi guteza imbere ubwishingizi bw'ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bufatika kugira ngo bikomeze kurengera ingaruka zo guhindura no guteza imbere inganda z'inganda ndetse no kurinda umutekano w'umutungo w'amakuru y'ibigo.
(5) Kunoza ireme n'imikorere myiza y'imari ya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga, gushyigikira iterambere n'iterambere ry'inganda zikiri kuzamuka ndetse n'imiterere y'inganda z'ejo hazaza. Gushyigikira ibigo by'imari mu guteza imbere uburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga serivisi z'imari za siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga, kwagura inguzanyo za siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga, no kongera imbaraga mu ishoramari no gutanga inguzanyo mu mpapuro z'agaciro za siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga. Guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry'ibyavuye mu isuzuma ry'iterambere ryihariye, ryihariye, kandi rigezweho ry'ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse, no gushimangira serivisi zo gutanga inguzanyo no kunoza inguzanyo. Gushyira mu bikorwa byuzuye "Innovation Points System" no gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo guteza imbere inguzanyo z'umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge n'ibindi bigo. Gushyigikira ibigo byujuje ibisabwa mu nganda zikiri kuzamuka nka ikoranabuhanga ry'amakuru ry'igihe kizaza, porogaramu z'ibanze n'inganda, imodoka zikoresha ubwenge (zifitanye isano), ingufu nshya, ibikoresho bishya, ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, amakuru ajyanye n'ikirere, indege z'ubucuruzi, ubuvuzi bw'ibinyabuzima, n'umutekano w'umuyoboro n'amakuru kugira ngo hakusanyirizwe amafaranga mu masoko y'imari y'ingeri nyinshi. Guteza imbere amavugurura ku ruhande rw'ishoramari, kunoza isuzuma ry'igihe kirekire ry'ibigo by'ishoramari, no gushishikariza ibigega by'igihe kirekire nk'ibigega bya leta by'ishoramari, ibigega by'ibigo by'ubwishingizi bya leta, n'ibigo by'ubwishingizi kwihutisha imiterere y'inganda z'ejo hazaza, hibandwa ku nganda z'ejo hazaza, amakuru y'ejo hazaza, ibikoresho by'ejo hazaza, ingufu z'ejo hazaza, ahantu h'ejo hazaza, n'ubuzima bw'ejo hazaza, ariko kandi hagakorwa ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ingaruka zigerweho.
(6) Gukoresha uruhare rw'ishoramari riharanira ibidukikije mu gushyigikira iterambere ry’inganda ziharanira ibidukikije, zikoresha karubone nkeya, kandi zikora ku buryo buziguye. Kwihutisha iterambere ry’uburyo bw’imari bushyigikira impinduka zigamije ibidukikije n’izikoresha karubone nkeya mu nganda zikoresha karubone nyinshi. Gushimangira ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bitandukanye by’imari bigamije ibidukikije nk’inguzanyo igamije ibidukikije n’impapuro mpapuro z’agaciro mu guhindura inganda zikoresha karubone nkeya mu nganda zikora. Gukurikiza ihame ryo "gushyiraho mbere, hanyuma ugasenya," no gushishikariza amabanki gushyigikira imishinga n’ibigo mu nganda zikoresha karubone nyinshi zijyanye n’icyerekezo cyo kunoza ikoranabuhanga rigamije ibidukikije n’izikoresha karubone nkeya no gusimbuza ubushobozi. Kunoza uburyo bwo gushishikariza no gukumira ibidukikije, gushishikariza ibigo by’imari guteza imbere ibicuruzwa by’imari bishyigikira inganda ziharanira ibidukikije, kongera ishoramari mu kurengera ibidukikije, kubungabunga ingufu, kubungabunga amazi, umusaruro usukuye, ikoreshwa ry’umutungo wose, inganda ziharanira ibidukikije, n’iterambere rigamije ibidukikije n’izikoresha karubone nkeya, no gushyigikira impinduka no kuvugurura inganda ziharanira ibidukikije n’izikoresha karubone nkeya.
(7) Kongera imbaraga mu by'imari mu ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere ubufatanye bwimbitse bw'ubukungu mu ikoranabuhanga n'ubukungu nyakuri. Gushyigikira ibigo by'imari mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga nka big data, blockchain, n'ubwenge bw'ubukorano kugira ngo byoroshye inzira z'ubucuruzi no kunoza imikorere mu gukorera inganda z'inganda, cyane cyane ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse. Kongera imbaraga mu gutanga inguzanyo z'igihe gito n'igihe kirekire mu guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo by'ikoranabuhanga, harimo 5G, interineti y'inganda, n'ibigo by'amakuru n'ikoranabuhanga. Gukoresha mu buryo bufatika inguzanyo z'imari, ibigega by'ishoramari mu mutungo utimukanwa, no gutanga ingwate ku mutungo kugira ngo kwaguke amasoko y'inkunga yo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo by'ikoranabuhanga. Guteza imbere iterambere rya za serivisi z'imari mu ikoranabuhanga n'amabanki. Kwibanda ku mikoranire y'ingenzi mu nganda z'inganda, gushimangira ikusanyamakuru, guhuza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima, gukusanya amakuru, kugenzura amakuru, agaciro n'ibiciro, no guhanga udushya mu bicuruzwa kugira ngo hagerwe kuri serivisi z'imari "zimwe gusa" nko kwishyura, gutanga inguzanyo, no gucunga amafaranga. Guteza imbere iterambere ry'urubuga rw'igihugu rwo gusangira amakuru ku nguzanyo ku bijyanye n'urujya n'uruza rw'imari rw'ibigo bito, biciriritse n'ibiciriritse, kunoza amakuru y'inguzanyo ku baguriza bwa mbere, no kongera uburyo bwo gutanga inkunga ku bigo bito, biciriritse n'ibiciriritse mu nganda z'inganda. Gushishikariza ibigo by'imari gukorana n'Umuyoboro wa Serivisi z'Abacuruzi bato n'abaciriritse mu Bushinwa kugira ngo batange serivisi zo "gutanga inkunga" ku bigo bito n'ibiciriritse.
(8) Kongera serivisi z'imari ku miyoboro y'inganda no guteza imbere guhuza imiyoboro y'imari n'imiyoboro y'inganda. Ibigo by'imari birashishikarizwa gutanga amafaranga y'inguzanyo, ububiko, inyemezabwishyu zo mu bubiko, na serivisi zo gutanga inguzanyo ku bigo bito n'ibiciriritse (SMEs) mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa bishingiye ku "nguzanyo y'amakuru" na "inguzanyo y'ibintu", hifashishijwe amakuru manini n'ibintu byihariye. Koresha amakuru y'inguzanyo y'imiyoboro y'imari mito n'iciriritse kugira ngo ushakishe uburyo "budafite agaciro" bw'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa budashingiye ku nguzanyo z'ibigo by'ingenzi. Gushyigikira ibigo bitanga raporo ku nguzanyo z'ibigo mu guhuza no guhuza amakuru aturuka mu bigo binini by'inganda, ibigo bicunga ububiko n'ibicuruzwa, n'ibindi bigo by'inganda, guha amabanki amakuru ku miterere y'ibigo biri mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa, ibikorwa byo gutanga no kwamamaza, no kwemeza uburenganzira bw'ibaruramari. Kunoza amahame y'ubucuruzi n'ikoranabuhanga ku bubiko bw'imari (inyemezabwishyu yo mu bubiko) bw'ibicuruzwa, gushyigikira iterambere ry'imbuga z'imari zicunga ububiko zifite ubwenge bwo hejuru, no kwagura uburyo bwo gutanga amafaranga kuri interineti (inyemezabwishyu yo mu bubiko). Kongera iterambere no gukoresha imbuga z'ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa na sisitemu yo kwandikisha no kwamamaza ishoramari ry'imitungo yimukanwa, no kunoza ireme rya serivisi n'imikorere myiza y'imbuga za serivisi z'imari zicunga imitungo yimukanwa. Koresha inyungu z'umwuga n'ubushobozi bwa serivisi z'ikoranabuhanga by'ibigo by'imari mu gucunga amafaranga, guhuza abakozi, no gucunga imari kugira ngo uteze imbere ihuzwa ry'ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse mu iterambere ry'uruhererekane rw'inganda.
4.Gushyigikira imiterere y'inganda ikwiye no kwagura ahantu hakorerwa iterambere
(9) Kongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha serivisi z'imari mu kohereza inguzanyo mu nganda no gufasha kunoza imiterere y'inganda mu turere. Guteza imbere ibigo by'imari kugira ngo binoze imiterere y'imari no gutanga inkunga y'imari yo kohereza inganda mu turere twujuje ibisabwa mu turere two hagati, iburengerazuba, n'amajyaruguru y'uburasirazuba. Guteza imbere amabanki manini kugira ngo anoze uburyo bwo gucunga inguzanyo mu turere twose, gushimangira gusangira amakuru no guhuza serivisi hagati y'amashami mu turere two kohereza no kwakira inguzanyo, no gutanga serivisi zirambuye nko guhuza imishinga n'ubujyanama mu by'inganda. Gushimangira gusangira amakuru n'amakuru rusange binyuze mu kwakira inzego za leta n'ibigo by'imari, no gushyigikira amashami mu turere yo kwakira inguzanyo kugira ngo atange inkunga y'inguzanyo ku bigo byo kwakira inguzanyo mu ntangiriro z'ishyirwaho ryabyo hashingiwe ku makuru y'amateka nk'umusaruro n'imikorere, ibipimo by'imari, aho isoko rihagaze, n'inyandiko z'inguzanyo z'ibigo byohereza inguzanyo. Kunoza inguzanyo za M&A, inguzanyo z'imitungo itimukanwa, na serivisi z'inguzanyo zihuriweho kugira ngo birusheho gutanga serivisi nziza zo kohereza inguzanyo nko kwihuza no kugura, imigabane, n'ubufatanye. Kwihutisha iterambere rya sisitemu yo kohereza inguzanyo mu ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere guhuza cyane ikoranabuhanga n'imari.
(10) Kongera ubumenyi mu gutanga serivisi z'imari ku nganda zihariye no gushyigikira iterambere ry'amatsinda y'inganda. Guteza imbere amabanki y'igihugu kugira ngo ashinge amashami yihariye. Dushingiye ku mpamvu z'ibyago bigengwa n'amategeko, twongere uburenganzira bw'amashami yo mu gace k'amatsinda y'inganda zigezweho, amatsinda yihariye y'inganda nto n'iziciriritse, n'amatsinda mashya y'inganda kugira ngo dushinge serivisi z'imari ku matsinda yihariye y'inganda. Gushishikariza amabanki mato n'aciriritse yo mu gace guteza imbere ibicuruzwa by'inguzanyo bihuye n'imiterere y'inganda zo mu karere no kunoza umwuga wo gukorera inganda zihariye. Guteza imbere ubufatanye mu by'amategeko n'amategeko hagati y'amabanki manini n'ibigega by'inganda ku rwego rw'igihugu mu rwego rw'inganda kugira ngo bitange serivisi zuzuye z'imari ku matsinda akomeye y'inganda n'amatsinda yihariye y'inganda nto n'iziciriritse. Gushyigikira ibigega by'imari n'ibindi bigo kugira ngo bishyireho amatsinda. Guteza imbere inama z'ubuyobozi zihariye mu masoko y'imigabane yo mu karere ku nzego zihariye, zihanga udushya, kandi zihanga udushya, no gushimangira uburyo bwo gutanga serivisi z'ubujyanama, ubuyobozi, na serivisi z'umwuga ku bigo bigiye ku isoko.
(11) Kongera uburyo bwo korohereza serivisi z'imari zambukiranya imipaka no kwagura umwanya wo gufungura no guteza imbere ibikorwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Kongera uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi by'imari mu bucuruzi bw'amahanga. Tangiza gahunda zihariye zo gukorera ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse bigiye ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Kongera uburyo bwo koroshya kwishyura no kwishyura, ukareba ko ibigo bishobora gukora amasezerano y'ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu mutekano, mu buryo bunoze, kandi mu buryo bworoshye. Kwagura uburyo bwo kwishyura RMB mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kugira ngo huzuzwe neza ibyo ibigo bikeneye mu bijyanye no kwishyura ubucuruzi bw'amahanga. Guteza imbere kunoza ireme n'imikorere ya politiki yo koroshya uburinganire bw'ubucuruzi ku bigo bifite ireme. Gushyigikira ibigo byujuje ibisabwa mu kugerageza serivisi zo gukusanya inkunga zambukiranya imipaka kugira ngo byorohereze uburyo bwo kohereza no gukoresha amafaranga y'imbere mu gihugu no mu mahanga. Kongera kwagura ubwishingizi bw'inguzanyo zoherezwa mu mahanga n'inguzanyo mu rwego rw'ubucuruzi bw'amahanga. Kongera imbaraga mu kwamamaza no gushyigikira politiki yo kurinda amadovize kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bwo gucunga ibyago by'ivunjisha ry'ibigo bigiye ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Kwagura gahunda y'igerageza yo korohereza inkunga zambukiranya imipaka ku bigo bifite ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, ibigo byihariye, bihanga udushya, kandi bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga. Kwagura gahunda y'igerageza yo kurekura ibigo bishora imari mu mahanga kwiyandikisha kugira ngo byongere gushora imari kugira ngo byorohereze ishoramari ry'imbere mu gihugu ku bigo bishora imari mu mahanga. Kunoza no kunoza gahunda y'igerageza ya Qualified Foreign Limited Partner (QFLP). Kunoza urutonde rw'ikoreshwa ry'amafaranga yinjira mu konti y'imari kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere myiza y'ibigo mu gukoresha imari mu mahanga.
5.Gushimangira inkunga y'amafaranga mu kubaka ubushobozi bw'inganda nshya
(12) Kunoza uburyo bw'imbere mu bigo by'imari bikorera inganda z'inganda. Ibigo by'imari bigomba gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba nshya z'imikorere mu gihe kirekire, bigahindura vuba ibikorwa byabyo hashingiwe ku byifuzo by'iterambere ry'igihugu n'uburyo bwo guhindura no kuvugurura inganda, no kongera inkunga y'inguzanyo z'igihe gito n'igihe kirekire n'imirongo y'inguzanyo ku nganda z'inganda. Amabanki agomba gushyiraho gahunda zitandukanye z'inguzanyo ku nganda z'inganda, kongera ingwate z'umutungo mu nzego nko gutanga imari mu bukungu, kunoza imisoro itangwa n'uburyo bwo gushishikariza, no gukangurira abakozi bo mu nzego z'ibanze gukorera mu buryo bufatika ibigo by'inganda bito n'ibiciriritse. Gushyigikira amabanki mu guteza imbere uburyo bwo gusuzuma inguzanyo bujyanye n'ibisabwa mu iterambere rishya ry'inganda, no gushyiraho politiki zitandukanye z'inguzanyo n'amahame ngenderwaho yo kugera ku nguzanyo hashingiwe ku biranga inganda runaka n'ibyiciro byo gukura kw'ibigo. Gufasha ibigo by'imari gukurikiza amahame "abiri adahinduka", gufata ubwoko bwose bw'ibigo by'inganda kimwe, no gushimangira serivisi z'imari ku bigo by'inganda byigenga.
(13) Gushimangira imikoranire n'ubufatanye bw'ibikoresho bitandukanye by'imari. Guteza imbere gusangira amakuru n'ubufatanye mu bucuruzi hagati ya banki, ibigo by'ubwishingizi, ibigo by'imigabane, ibigega, ibigo by'ingwate z'imari, n'ibigo bicunga imitungo y'imari, mu gihe birinda ingaruka mbi z'imari no kurinda ubuzima bwite bw'abakiriya. Gushyigikira ibigo bishinzwe imari mu guhuza umutungo w'imari utandukanye mu matsinda yabyo kugira ngo bitange serivisi zuzuye z'imari ku bigo. Gushishikariza ibigo by'ubwishingizi, ibigo bishinzwe imicungire y'umutungo w'amabanki, ibigo bishinzwe imari, n'ibigo bishinzwe imari gutanga inkunga y'imari irambye kandi ihamye mu iterambere ry'inganda ziteye imbere binyuze mu migabane, impapuro mvunjwafaranga, ibigega by'imari byigenga, n'amasezerano y'imari, hakurikijwe ingaruka zishobora kugenzurwa n'amasezerano y'ubucuruzi.
(14) Guteza imbere itsinda ry’abantu bafite impano zitandukanye mu bumenyi, ikoranabuhanga, inganda, n’imari. Gushakisha no kunoza uburyo bw’umwuga bwo gushyiraho serivisi z’imari mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, gukora iterambere ry’impano ku nzego zitandukanye z’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga n’ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga, no kongera urwego rwa serivisi z’imari mu bice aho umutungo w’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga wibanda, nko mu turere tw’igihugu tw’ikoranabuhanga rihanitse. Gushishikariza ibigo by’imari gushaka no kwinjiza impano zifite ubumenyi mu nganda zigezweho n’amashami ajyanye nabyo mu ishami rya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo hubakwe amatsinda y’imicungire y’imari n’ikoranabuhanga ahuriweho. Gushishikariza ibigo by’imari gushyira abahanga mu by’imari mu bigo by’ingenzi by’inganda, amatsinda y’inganda zigezweho, amatsinda y’inganda ziciriritse n’iziciriritse, uturere tw’igihugu tw’iterambere ry’inganda zihanitse, n’uturere dushya ku rwego rw’igihugu, no kuzishyira mu bigo by’ubucuruzi n’amapaki buri gihe. Gushyigikira ibigo by’ingenzi, ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse bitanga serivisi za leta, n’abakozi bashinzwe imicungire y’amapaki n’imari kugira ngo bahanahana amakuru kandi bigire hamwe n’ibigo by’imari, no kunoza uburyo bwo guhuza inzira z’imicungire y’imari y’ibigo n’uburyo bwo gusuzuma inguzanyo za banki.
6.Gushimangira imikoranire n'isano hagati ya politiki y'imari n'inganda
(15) Gushimangira ubuyobozi bw'ibigo n'uburyo bwo guteza imbere ibikorwa. Banki y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa, Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho, Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura, Minisiteri y'Imari, Ubuyobozi bwa Leta Ishinzwe Imari, Komisiyo Ishinzwe Igenzura ry'Imari mu Bushinwa, n'Ubuyobozi bwa Leta Ishinzwe Ivunjisha Amahanga bizashimangira gusangira amakuru no guhuza politiki, kongera uburinganire mu cyerekezo cya politiki y'ubukungu rusange, no kunoza ibidukikije kugira ngo politiki ishyirwe mu bikorwa. Kunoza uburyo bwo gukora bwo kwagura inguzanyo z'igihe giciriritse n'igihe kirekire ku nganda zikora, gushyiraho no kunoza uburyo busanzwe bwo gutanga inama ku mishinga ku nganda z'ingenzi, gukoresha uruhare rw'urwego rw'igihugu rw'ubufatanye hagati y'inganda n'imari, kongera imbaraga mu guteza imbere imishinga, guhuza inkunga, no gushyira mu mutekano, no gushishikariza ibigo by'imari gushyigikira ibice by'ingenzi by'inganda nshya. Guyobora ibigo by'imari gukorana byuzuye n'inzego zibifitiye ububasha, amashyirahamwe y'inganda, za kaminuza z'ingenzi, n'ibigo by'ingenzi kugira ngo habeho urwego rw'inkunga y'imari rufunganye. Gushimangira guhuza politiki n'amahame, gushyira amahame y'inganda mu kwemeza inguzanyo no gutanga inguzanyo, gusuzuma urutonde, no gusuzuma amategeko, no gushyira ibipimo by'imari mu isuzuma ry'imishinga no guteza imbere ibigo.
(16) Kongera imbaraga mu bya politiki n'imbogamizi. Kongera imbaraga mu gushyira mu bikorwa inkunga yo kongera inguzanyo n'inyungu ku bidukikije mu buhanga mu bya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga no guhindura ikoranabuhanga, gukoresha neza ibikoresho bya politiki y'ifaranga nk'ibikoresho byo gushyigikira kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, kongera inguzanyo mu bucuruzi buciriritse, no kongera kugabanyirizwa ibiciro, kugira ngo bishyigikire ibice by'ingenzi by'inganda nshya no guteza imbere ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse. Kongera imbaraga mu gukurikirana inguzanyo z'inganda, gushishikariza amabanki gushyira mu bikorwa ibisabwa byose bya politiki, gukomeza gushimangira ubuyobozi bwa politiki y'inguzanyo nini, no guteza imbere gahunda nziza y'isoko ry'imari. Kunoza ibipimo by'isuzuma ry'imari, urenze gusa gukoresha igipimo cy'ishoramari cy'inganda "ebyiri hejuru, imari imwe" nk'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'isuzuma.
(17) Kunoza uburyo bwo gushyigikira politiki z’ibanze. Inzego z’ibanze z’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, iterambere n’ivugurura, hamwe n’izindi nzego zibishinzwe, zifatanyije n’amashami y’imicungire y’imari, zizashyiraho uburyo bwo kuyobora imishinga minini y’inganda mu turere twazo, zigahuza ibikorwa kugira ngo zikemure ibibazo nko kutuzuye ibisabwa no kudahuza amakuru mu gutera inkunga imishinga. Inzego z’ingwate z’imari zishyigikiwe na leta zizashishikarizwa gutanga inkunga yo kongera inguzanyo ku bigo bito n’ibiciriritse byujuje ibisabwa binyuze mu kunoza uburyo bwo kongera imari, gushimangira ingwate no kwishyura ingaruka, no kunoza isuzuma ry’imikorere. Imijyi y’igerageza y’igihugu ku bufatanye mu nganda n’imari izashishikarizwa gukomeza udushya duhuriweho muri politiki z’inganda, imari n’imari, no kunoza uburyo nko kwishyura ingaruka n’inkunga ku nguzanyo. Gukoresha uruhare rw’umuyoboro w’igihugu w’inguzanyo zihuriweho mu gushyigikira ibigo by’imari mu kongera iterambere n’ikoreshwa ry’amakuru y’inguzanyo. Gushyiraho ububiko bw’inzobere mu nganda n’ububiko bw’amakuru bwo gusuzuma ubushobozi bw’udushya mu bigo bizashishikarizwa gutanga inkunga y’ubwenge n’amakuru mu isuzuma ry’inguzanyo z’ibigo by’imari no gufata ibyemezo.
(18) Gushyiraho no kunoza uburyo buhuriweho bwo gukumira no kugenzura ingaruka. Gushyiraho uburyo bwo gusuzuma no gutanga amakuru hakiri kare ku nganda n'imari. Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru, Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura, n'andi mashami bazashimangira isuzuma ry'ingaruka ku mishinga minini n'inganda z'ingenzi, kandi basangire vuba amakuru ku mishinga n'ibigo bifite ibyago byinshi n'amashami y'imicungire y'imari n'ibigo by'imari. Guteza imbere ibigo by'imari gushyira mu bikorwa ibisabwa na politiki y'igihugu y'inganda, gushimangira imicungire y'ingaruka ku nguzanyo no gukurikirana ikoreshwa ry'imari, gukumira ingaruka zo kwishyuza no kunyereza, no gufasha gukumira amarushanwa "adafite ishingiro". Gushyira mu bikorwa cyane ibisabwa mu gushyira mu byiciro inguzanyo zo mu nganda kugira ngo bigaragaze neza imiterere y'ingaruka ku nguzanyo zo mu nganda. Gushyigikira amabanki mu kongera imbaraga zo gukemura inguzanyo zitujuje ibisabwa n'ibigo by'ubucuruzi hakurikijwe amategeko binyuze mu kuvugurura, guhanagura amafaranga, kohereza amafaranga, n'ubundi buryo.
Banki y'abaturage y'Ubushinwa
Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru
Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura
Minisiteri y'Imari
Ubuyobozi bw'Imari
Komisiyo Ishinzwe Igenzura ry'Imigabane mu Bushinwa
Ubuyobozi bw'Ivunjisha rya Leta
Ku ya 29 Nyakanga 2025
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-07-2025