Mu gihe inganda zikoresha ingufu z’amashanyarazi zikomoka kuri photovoltaic zigenda zihinduka burundu mu gihe cyo kugena ibiciro by’amashanyarazi bishingiye ku isoko, imitekerereze y’ibikorwa by’inganda z’amashanyarazi irimo guhinduka cyane. Mu bihe byashize, inganda zari zibanda cyane ku buryo bwo guhindura imikorere ya modules za PV n’uko inverters zikora. Muri iki gihe, bitewe n’ibitutu bibiri byo gukaza umutungo w’ubutaka n’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi akoreshwa igihe kirekire, imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba zirimo kuva ku “bikoresho by’inkunga” zikajya ku gipimo cy’ingenzi kigena inyungu ku ishoramari ry’inganda z’amashanyarazi.
Muri uru rwego, Shandong Zhaori New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (Incamake: Protracker), iherereye i Weifang, muri Shandong, itanga ibisubizo bya "Made in China" bihiganwa cyane ku nganda z'amashanyarazi za PV ku isi hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryayo ry'ibanze ryakozwe ubwayo hamwe n'uburyo "bworoshye, bwizewe, kandi bunoze" bwo gukurikirana izuba.
Kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi ntabwo bikiri "amahitamo"
Ubwiyongere bw'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba butandukana cyane mu bice bitandukanye, ariko ikintu gihuriweho kirasobanutse neza—iyo hatabayeho imirasire y'izuba, ingufu nyinshi zishobora gutangwa zirabura.
Mu turere turimo latitude ntoya, sisitemu zo gukurikirana imiterere y'izuba mu buryo butambitse, zikurikirana inzira y'izuba kuva iburasirazuba ugana iburengerazuba, zishobora kongera ingufu zikomoka ku miyoboro isanzwe ihoraho. Mu miyoboro miremire, sisitemu zo gukurikirana imiterere y'izuba mu buryo bubiri, ziyongeraho azimuth tracking hejuru y'izuba rigana mu majyepfo, zigira inyungu nyinshi kurushaho. Sisitemu zo gukurikirana imiterere y'izuba mu buryo bubiri, zikurikirana icyarimwe uburebure bw'izuba n'inguni za azimuth mu gihe nyacyo, zitanga inyungu nini cyane mu mwaka. Sisitemu yo gukurikirana imiterere y'izuba ya Protracker ishobora kongera ingufu zikomoka ku miyoboro isanzwe ku kigero cya 30% kugeza kuri 40% ugereranije n'imiyoboro isanzwe.
Ibi bivuze ko, bitewe n'ubuso bumwe bw'ubutaka n'ubushobozi bumwe bwo gushyiraho module, guhitamo niba gukoresha sisitemu yo gukurikirana amashanyarazi bigena mu buryo butaziguye niba uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rukora ku "nyungu nto" cyangwa rugatanga "inyungu zirenze" mu gihe cyose cy'ubuzima bwarwo.
Guhuza neza n'umuvuduko w'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi: Inzira y'amafaranga yo gukurikiranasisitemu
Kubera ko urwego rw'amashanyarazi rukoresha amashanyarazi aturuka kuri photovoltaic rwinjijwe mu isoko ry'amashanyarazi, umusaruro w'amashanyarazi ntukigera ku rwego rumwe n'amafaranga yinjira. Ibiciro by'amashanyarazi birahindagurika bitewe n'igihe cy'umunsi, aho ibiciro mu gihe cy'ubusabe bw'amashanyarazi bushobora kuba hejuru inshuro nyinshi kurusha mu masaha atari ay'ubusabe bw'amashanyarazi. Sisitemu zo gukurikirana ingufu zihindagurika, bitewe n'inguni zazo zihoraho, zigabanuka cyane mu bushobozi bwo gukora mu gitondo na nimugoroba—igihe inguni y'izuba igaragara—bityo bigatuma hatabaho “idirishya ry'izahabu” ry'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi. Ibi bituma habaho kutumvikana kw'amafaranga yinjira: ibiciro biri hasi iyo umusaruro uri hejuru, n'umusaruro muke iyo ibiciro biri hejuru cyane.
Akamaro k'ingenzi k'uburyo bwo gukurikirana amashanyarazi gashingiye ku bushobozi bwabwo bwo gukomeza gukoresha neza ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu gihe cy'izuba rya mu gitondo na nimugoroba, binyuze mu gukurikirana inzira izuba rinyuramo mu gihe nyacyo, bigahuza neza n'amasaha yo gutanga igiciro cy'amashanyarazi. Ibi bigeraho "bikongera agaciro ka buri kilowati-saa" aho "kongera umubare wa kilowati-saa." Iyi mpinduka kuva ku "gukurikirana ingano y'amashanyarazi" ikagera ku "gukurikirana inyungu mu gutanga amashanyarazi" ni yo ngingo y'ingenzi igaragaza akamaro k'udukingirizo two gukurikirana amashanyarazi mu gihe cy'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi bishingiye ku isoko.
Icyo sisitemu yo gukurikirana ikemura si ikibazo cyo "gutanga ingufu nyinshi" gusa, ahubwo ni "gutanga ingufu nyinshi mu gihe ibiciro by'amashanyarazi biri hejuru." Ibi ni intambwe ikomeye ku nganda z'amashanyarazi za PV kuva ku "kwagura ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi budafite ishingiro" bakajya ku "bikorwa binoze bishingiye ku nyungu."
Kwibanda no Gukusanya: Mu myaka icumi ishize tunonosora igisubizo cyo gukurikirana izuba
Mu rwego rwo gukurikirana ibintu, Protracker imaze imyaka irenga icumi ikora cyane, yibanda ku bushakashatsi n'iterambere no gukora sisitemu zo gukurikirana ibintu za PV zikora ku buryo bwikora. Binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho no guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, ikigo cyagenzuye neza ikoreshwa ry'ibyuma n'ikiguzi cya sisitemu muri rusange, ariko kigenzura ko sisitemu ikora neza.
Ku bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga, iyi sosiyete yabonye patenti z'ubuvumbuzi zitangwa n'ibiro bishinzwe patenti by'i Burayi, ndetse no muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Kanada, Ositaraliya, Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo, n'ibindi bihugu, hiyongereyeho patenti 8 z'ubuvumbuzi bw'igihugu cy'Ubushinwa na patenti zirenga 30 z'icyitegererezo cy'ibikoresho. Ibisubizo by'ubushakashatsi bwayo bikubiyemo uruhererekane rwose, harimo imiterere y'inkunga y'amamodoka, uburyo bwo kuzunguruka, ibyuma bitwara, sisitemu zo kugenzura, na sisitemu z'itumanaho. Ibicuruzwa byacu byatsinze icyemezo cya EU CE na TUV, kandi iyi sosiyete ikomeje kwagura isoko ryayo mu mahanga.
Ubwenge ni bwo buryo bwo gusoza icyiciro gikurikira
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko sisitemu zigezweho zo gukurikirana zitari "ibikoresho byo kuzenguruka by'ikoranabuhanga" gusa. Hamwe no guhuza uburyo bwo gushyira GPS mu mwanya, algorithms z'ubwenge bw'ubukorano, n'ubushobozi bwo kugenzura kure, sisitemu zo gukurikirana z'iki gihe gitaha zishobora guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gukora hashingiwe ku miterere y'izuba ryo mu gace ziherereyemo, no guhindura inguni za module mu gihe cy'umuyaga mwinshi, imvura nyinshi, n'ibindi bihe bikomeye by'ikirere kugira ngo bigabanye imitwaro y'umuyaga no kurinda umutekano w'uruganda rwose rw'amashanyarazi.
Protracker yageze ku ntambwe zikomeye mu bijyanye na porogaramu, imiterere y’uruziga n’itumanaho, sisitemu zo gutwara ibintu, ndetse n’ubushakashatsi ku miterere y’imikorere ya sisitemu yo gukurikirana PV yikora. Abashinzwe kubungabunga ubu bashobora gukurikirana imikorere ya buri murongo w’udukingirizo mu gihe nyacyo bakoresheje terefone zigendanwa, binoza cyane uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku makosa no kugenzura.
Gushyira mu bikorwa bifite imbibi; guhitamo bisaba isuzuma rishingiye ku bwenge
Uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibintu si "umuti rusange" kandi ntibukwiriye ibintu byose. Itandukaniro mu miterere y'ubutaka, imiterere y'ikirere, ikiguzi cy'ubutaka, n'ingengo y'imari y'ishoramari mu mishinga yose rizagira ingaruka ku guhitamo ibisubizo bishyigikira ibikorwa.
Latitude ni ikintu cy'ingenzi gihinduka. Mu turere dufite latitude ntoya, aho inguni y'izuba iri hejuru mu mwaka wose, sisitemu y'umurongo umwe itambitse ishobora kugera ku ngaruka nziza. Mu bice biri hejuru, aho inguni y'izuba iri hasi mu gihe cy'itumba, sisitemu y'umurongo umwe cyangwa ibiri irahengamye ni ngombwa kugira ngo haboneke ubushobozi bwo kongera umusaruro. Umurongo wacu w'ibicuruzwa ukubiyemo ubwoko bwose bw'imikoreshereze y'ibikoresho - umurongo umwe utambitse, umurongo umwe uhengamye, na ibiri - kandi utanga ibisubizo byihariye kandi byihariye bihuye n'ibikenewe bitandukanye, kuva kuri sisitemu zikwirakwizwa mu mazu kugeza ku nganda nini zitanga amashanyarazi ku butaka.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 16 Nzeri 2026