Mu Budage, sisitemu nshya 435.000 z’amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi aturuka ku ibaraza zizongeraho mu 2024, zirenze umubare w’amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi aturuka ku ibaraza mu myaka yose ishize. Iri soko risa n’aho ari rito ririmo gutera imbere vuba aho igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’amashanyarazi kigera kuri 18.7% ku mwaka, rikaba ari ryo soko rishya rishobora kwiyongera cyane mu nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi aturuka ku ibaraza ku isi.
Ibintu bivuga cyane kurusha amagambo, kandi amashanyarazi aturuka ku ibaraza arimo kwinjira mu buzima bw'abantu bucece.
Dukurikije ubushakashatsi n'imibare byatanzwe na HengCe Consulting, isoko ry’ingufu zikomoka kuri balcony fotovoltaic module ku isi ryitezwe kugera kuri miliyari 27.77 z’amayuani mu 2031, hamwe n’igipimo cy’izamuka ry’ingufu ku mwaka (CAGR) cya 18.7% (2025-2031).
Amakuru y’ubushakashatsi bwa QYResearch agaragaza kandi ko isoko mpuzamahanga ry’amashanyarazi akomoka kuri balcony rizaba ringana na miliyari 1.023 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2024, kandi biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri miliyari 3.52 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2031, hamwe n’igipimo cy’izamuka ry’ingufu ku mwaka cya 19.2% muri icyo gihe.
Uku kwiyongera gukomeye guterwa n’aho PV yo ku rubaraza iherereye: bituma abatuye mu mijyi, abakodesha, n’abatuye mu mazu yo mu rugo batashoboraga gushyiraho PV isanzwe yo ku gisenge bashobora gukora amashanyarazi meza byoroshye.
Uburayi ni bwo bwa mbere, politiki zituma isoko rizamuka cyane
Uburayi buri ku isonga mu iterambere ry’ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi mu kugorora imirasire y’izuba, kandi ibihugu bitandukanye byashyizeho politiki zibishyigikira.
Nk'isoko rinini ry'amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi yo mu ibaraza mu Burayi, Ubudage bwanditse amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi yo mu ibaraza agera ku 435.000 mu 2024, afite ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo amashanyarazi agera kuri 426MW. Ingano y'amashanyarazi yashyizwemo mu mwaka umwe irenze umubare w'ayo mu myaka ishize.
Mu mpera za 2024, umubare w’abashinzwe gushyiramo ingufu za fotovoltaic muri balkoni mu Budage warenze 780.000, kandi ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ingufu buri rugo nabwo bwiyongereye kuva kuri 800W mu 2023 kugera hafi kuri 1kW mu 2024.
Guverinoma y'Ubudage yemeje ivugurura rishya ry'Itegeko ry'Ingufu Zisubira (EEG), rikuraho itegeko ryo kwiyandikisha n'ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga rya grid kuri sisitemu za photovoltaic zikoresha plug-in zifite ubushobozi bwose bwa 2kW n'imbaraga zose za inverter zisohora zitarenze 800VA.
Ubudage kandi bworohereje inzira zemewe n'amategeko ku bapangayi zo gushyiraho amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi ku ibaraza, buvuga ko “abapangayi badashobora kwanga gushyiraho amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi ku ibaraza kubera impamvu zidafite ishingiro.” Ibindi bihugu byakurikiranye ibi bikurikira: Otirishiya yorohereje inzira yo kwemeza; Ubufaransa bwashyizeho politiki yo “kwemerera abakoresha gushyiraho amashanyarazi nta ruhushya”, yemerera abakoresha kuyashyiramo badasabye uruhushya; Ubutaliyani bwashyizeho politiki yo gutanga inkunga no kugabanya imisoro; Polonye yashyize mu bikorwa gahunda yo gutanga inkunga ya “My Electricity”. Ubwongereza buzagabanya amategeko agenga gushyiraho amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi ku ibaraza guhera mu 2024, bugatuma ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi bihuzwa n’amashanyarazi mu rugo.
Isoko ry'Ubushinwa, politiki n'amahame biragenda bitera imbere buhoro buhoro
Nubwo isoko ry’amashanyarazi ashyushye mu igorofa ry’Ubushinwa ryatangiye nyuma gato, ririmo gukurikiranwa vuba. Muri Nyakanga 2025, Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ingufu cyasohoye "Itangazo ryo Gusaba Ibitekerezo ku Rubanda ku Iterambere n’Ivugurura ry’Amahame Ngengamikorere n’Igenamigambi ryo Guhindura Imyandikire mu Ndimi z’Amahanga Rizashyirwaho mu Rwego rw’Ingufu mu 2025", kandi amahame mashya 801 yemejwe. Iry’ingenzi cyane ni ishyirwaho ry’amahame abiri y’ibicuruzwa n’ay’ubuhanga nka "Ibisabwa mu bya Tekiniki kuri Sisitemu zo Gutanga Ingufu za Balcony Photovoltaic" na "Ibisobanuro bya Tekiniki byo Gukoresha Sisitemu za Balcony Photovoltaic" kugira ngo habeho ishingiro ry’iterambere ry’imishinga ya amashanyarazi ashyushye mu igorofa.
Bitewe n'ubushobozi bunini bw'iri soko ririmo gutera imbere, amasosiyete menshi yihutiye gutera imbere.
Raporo ya Hengce Consulting ivuga ko inganda zikomeye ku isoko mpuzamahanga zirimo Dianke Power, Tesla Energy, LG Energy, Enphase Energy, Fronius, n'izindi.
Mu isoko ry’Ubushinwa, Skyworth, Hemai, Yuneng, Deye, n’ibindi byose biri gufata isoko ry’amatara n’ububiko bw’amatara ku ibaraza. Igikoresho cya "Nengliang Station" cyatangijwe na Skyworth Photovoltaics cyashyizwe ku isoko. CITIC Bo yanagaragaje ibikoresho nka modules za "photovoltaic" ku ibaraza n’ahantu ho guparika imodoka hashyirwamo amatara no gushyushya umuriro mu imurikagurisha rya RE+ ryo mu 2025 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bigaragaza ibisubizo byacyo bitandukanye byo "gukurikirana +, imbaraga zidasanzwe +".
Sisitemu za photovoltaic zo muri balcony ziri kugenda zivugurura ikoranabuhanga vuba kandi zigahanga udushya. Ibicuruzwa biri ku isoko ubu bigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: buvanze n'ubutandukanye.
Ku bijyanye n'ingufu, sisitemu za photovoltaic zo ku ibaraza ubusanzwe zigabanyijemo ibice bitatu: munsi ya 600W, 600W-800W na zirenga 800W, zishobora guhaza ibyifuzo by'imiryango itandukanye.
Igipimo cy'inyungu gihanitse
Ingufu zo mu bwoko bwa photovoltaic muri balcony ntizingiza ibidukikije gusa, ahubwo zifite n'inyungu nyinshi mu bukungu. Dukurikije amakuru aturuka mu Kigo cy'Ingufu cy'Ubudage (DENA), sisitemu ya 2kW ya balcony ihujwe na bateri yo kubika ingufu ya 2kWh ishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cy'amashanyarazi ku kigero cya 64% buri mwaka, kandi igihe cyo kwishyura ishoramari ni imyaka 4 gusa. Mu Bwongereza, politiki y'ubukonje bw'amashanyarazi n'ingufu ku mazu mashya izashyirwa mu bikorwa mu gihe cy'umuhindo wa 2025. Biteganijwe ko ingo zizigama impuzandengo y'ibiro 1,342 by'amashanyarazi ku mwaka.
Ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa, kubera ko igiciro cya modules za photovoltaic cyakomeje kugabanuka nyuma y’umwaka urenga, igipimo cy’ishoramari ryose ryashowe mu bigo by’amashanyarazi byo mu ngo cyabaye gito cyane, birushaho kunoza inyungu ku ishoramari ryashowe mu mishinga ya photovoltaic ku ibaraza.
Bitewe n'ubushobozi butagira imipaka, amashanyarazi aturuka ku ibaraza ashobora kuba inkingi nshya y'iterambere ry'inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi aturuka ku ibaraza
Ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ya balcony zifite ubushobozi bwinshi ku isoko. Dukurikije ikigereranyo cy’ingo miliyoni 41.3 mu Budage, igipimo cy’ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ya balcony ubu ni hafi 2%. Iyo tugereranyije mu buryo burambye igipimo cy’ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ya balcony cya 20%, umubare w’ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi ya balcony mu Budage uzagera kuri miliyoni 8.26 mu gihe kiri imbere.
Mu Bushinwa, hamwe no gusobanura politiki ya fotovoltaic ikwirakwizwa hamwe n’inyungu z’inganda z’amashanyarazi mu turere dutandukanye, isoko rya fotovoltaic mu ngo rizagira iterambere rihamye muri gahunda nshya, kandi icyifuzo cy’abakiriya mu ntara zitandukanye cyitezweho kugaragaza ubwiyongere butandukanye bw’izamuka ry’ibiciro. Lao Yang yanahanuye muri videwo ko umubare w’ibikoresho bya fotovoltaic bizarenga 10.000 mu 2025, kandi bizarenga 100.000 mu 2026, bikiyongera inshuro icumi buri mwaka.
Mu bijyanye n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, amabwiriza yo guhindura imikorere y'imashini mu gihe kizaza arimo guhindura imiterere y'amashanyarazi, guhuza bateri n'uburyo ikoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi n'uburyo bwo gupima imbaraga z'amashanyarazi, ibi bikazagabanya cyane uburyo abakoresha bashingira ku mikoreshereze y'amashanyarazi n'inkunga za politiki.
Uko politiki n'amabwiriza by'ibanze bigenda bisobanurwa neza ndetse n'uburezi ku isoko bugakomeza kwiyongera, isoko ry'amashanyarazi yo mu Bushinwa rizatuma habaho iterambere rikomeye.
Amasosiyete yashyize ahagaragara ikoranabuhanga rya photovoltaic ku ibaraza hakiri kare yamaze gufata iya mbere muri iri rushanwa.
Ingufu za fotovoltaic zo mu ruganiriro si igisubizo cy'ingufu gusa, ahubwo ni n'uburyo bw'ingenzi abaturage bagiramo uruhare mu mpinduka mu ngufu. Bituma buri rugo ruhinduka rukava ku gukoresha ingufu rukagera ku "prosumer" no kwitabira gahunda mpuzamahanga yo kwirinda karubone idafite aho ibogamiye ku ruganiriro rwabo.
Iri soko risa n'aho ari rito ririmo kuba imbaraga nini zituma habaho impinduka ku isi mu bijyanye n'ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 17 Nzeri 2025